通过对该版本NetBeans集成开发环境的了解,我认为这个针对PHP的升级更新版值得我们深入的去了解,看一下它对PHP这个当今最为普及的开发语言提供了什么样的支持。
通过NetBeans官网你可以单独下载NetBeans IDE 6.1 Early Access for PHP,对开发者来说,该版本与任何此前已经存在的版本分离开的做法有一个好处,这样让你可以安全的使用它,而无需担心破坏任何现有的生产开发环境。
在其支持的主要平台(如Windows、Linux和Mac OS X)上安装该版本NetBeans是一个非常简单易懂的过程,不过要使它用于PHP开发还需要你具有一点初级的设置。你需要安装运行一个PHP 5.x,一个PHP调试器(强烈推荐使用XDebug),一个Web服务器(例如Apache)和一个数据库服务器(很明显MySQL具有比较大的优势)。
如果你已经在进行PHP方面的开发,这些前提条件可能都已经具备;如果没有的话,那么你需要先把这些需要的环境部署并调试好。对于那些嫌麻烦的朋友来说,可以尝试一下安装一个把这些都集成好的单独软件包,诸如支持Windows或Linux的XAMPP。
优点列举
这些环境都准备就绪后,创建一个PHP项目是一件非常轻松的事情,你所需要做的只是选择文件>新建项目,或者点击工具栏上的新建项目按钮。从新建项目对话框中你可以输入你的源文件(例如PHP、XHTML和CSS)的目录,以及你要在服务器上部署这些文件的目录,还有你的应用程序的超链接URL。同时你还可以选择创建一个index.php文件作为你的应用程序的默认文档。
在这儿你可以得到一个集成开发环境所有需要的功能,诸如PHP语法高亮、代码自动完成、帮助提示、错误标识等等。
代码完成功能是可以智能感知的,因此如果你在PHP指令部分中输入$的的话,它就可以让你访问运行时变量(诸如$_SERVER);但是在页面上其它任何地方,$只是一个普通的符号。你可以对任何HTML元素进行拖拽操作,诸如表格和form窗体等。另外它还有像代码折叠、格式调整和简单易用的导航等一个PHP编辑器常见的功能。
但是编写一个应用程序绝不仅仅是堆砌代码那么简单。在数据库和服务器方面,这个NetBeans版本同样有很多漂亮的功能。尽管NetBeans包含了对许多不同的服务器和数据库的支持,但是支持最好的还要说是MySQL,这一点也不令人奇怪,毕竟MySQL是Sun公司自己的产品了。在这个开发环境中你可以轻松的连接一个MySQL数据库服务器,这样可以在你的PHP应用程序内直接与这个数据库进行交互。
你还可以创建一个.sql文件(不过不知道出于什么原因,Sun并没有提供一个菜单选项来用于创建一个SQL文件),并使用它来对数据库进行查询或修改。对于那些习惯了Rails的set-up/tear down工作方式的朋友来说,可以同样轻松的在开发过程中使用这些文本文件来定义你的数据库。同时,当你在调试的时候,你甚至可以手动进行一个特别的查询并查看返回的数据结果。
其它支持的文件类型包括CSS、XHTML、XML和JavaScript等。同样你也可以使用常见的编辑器支持功能,诸如代码颜色不同等功能。在对CSS支持方面,它还有一个支持预览的风格生成器,让你可以更直观的查看你的应用程序的风格效果。在JavaScript方面该版本的NetBeans也非常好用,支持动态语言和脚步语言,毕竟这是NetBeans的一个关键组件。
另外一个免费可以使用的强大功能是版本控制,它支持CVS、Subversion和现在的Mercurial版本控制系统。
美中不足
说了这么多优点,我们再来看一下它的不足之处,毕竟我们不能忘记这是一个早期预览版。在这个版本中,缺少了一些更漂亮的功能,使得它显得还有些粗糙。其中一个表现就是对浏览器的控制,它应该可以做的更完善一些。现在运行你的应用程序的时候使用的是你设为默认的浏览器,但是对于那些希望在集成开发环境中测试不同浏览器的朋友来说,更好的做法是让他们自己选择使用的浏览器类型。另外,对重构的支持方面该版本功能很少,这是我们希望在最终版中希望看到增加的功能。
不过总体来说,新版NetBeans还是有不小的进步,它正在逐渐成为动态语言和脚步编程的最佳集成开发环境之一。尽管它同时面临着强大的挑战,考虑到它对Ruby、JavaScript和现在的PHP的强大支持,还有已经开始考虑对Jython改进支持,我们有理由相信NetBeans具有更美好的未来。
波比源码 » 新版NetBeans让PHP开发更轻松
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